How the Cotton Gin Started the Civil War

How the Cotton Gin Started the Civil War How the Cotton Gin Started the Civil War Sept 2009 Designing a new machine or improving a process can take a fair amount of thought and consideration once prototyped, it can still take years or even decades to be commercialized and have an impact on society. Sometimes, however, the entire process can be marvelously quick, easy, and world-changing.Take, for example, the cotton gin.Eli Whitney conceived this device almost on the spur of the moment. Yet, for all its fame and historic significance, one rarely sees an illustration of this legendary machine. Knowing as much as we do about its reputation and being conditioned to expect a revelation, when present-day engineers see the primitive hardware of the machine, its usually a bit of a letdown. Although simple in design, the cotton gin solved a pressing economic problem and transformed both agricultural and industrial America. Only after comparing the economy of the American South before and aft er the introduction of the gin can we appreciate its historic impact.A simple mechanism with complex consequences, the cotton gin, shown as it appeared in Eli Whitneys patent and on the previous page in a perspective drawing, changed the economics of the South and set a course to the Civil War.Keeping Cotton LucrativeBefore the cotton gin, slavery had been on its way outfarmers realized it was more expensive to maintain slaves, compared to the value of what they could produce. Cotton was a troublesome crop anyway its fiber could only be separated from the sticky, embedded seeds by hand, a grueling and exhausting process.This changed dramatically, of course, with the advent of the cotton gin. Suddenly cotton became a lucrative crop and a major export for the South. However, because of this increased demand, many more slaves were needed to grow cotton and harvest the fields. Slave ownership became a fiery national issue and eventually led to the Civil War.It was only a matter of chanc e that Whitney became involved with cotton growing. After graduating from Yale University in 1792 with hopes of becoming a lawyer, he traveled to South Carolina to accept a job as a tutor. His landlady owned a plantation and raised some cotton. After getting into a discussion with several plantation owners about the fact there was no economical method of separating seeds from cotton fiber, Whitney recognized it could be done mechanically.He spent the next few months building a prototype. The gin itself comprised a rotating trommel with wire hooks or ratchet-like teeth that pulled cotton fibers between the teeth of a comb. The comb had teeth spaced too closely for seeds to pass through. Only one aspect of the machine can be regarded as serious mechanisms design. A second drum, rotating faster than the first and carrying brushes, served to dislodge the cotton fibers from the first. This was driven, along with the larger drum, by a belt-and-pulley arrangement typically having a four-to -one ratio. Cotton bolls were loaded into a hopper, which guided them to the face of the comb. After being pulled through by the toothed cylinder, the separated cotton fibers emerged at the left and the seeds collected to the right.Whitneys design was almost immediately stolen and counterfeited a vast number of times. After years of patent litigation he received only a tiny fraction of the wealth to which he was entitled. He continued to invent. Ten years later, because of his reputation as an innovator, he won a government contract to produce 10,000 musketsa previously unheard-of number. To manufacture the gun locks, Whitney invented the milling machine that is the staple of machine shop production today.Although Whitneys invention only involved a few hundred kilograms of matter, it shaped the future of a nation and its people it is rare that a single contrivance has such a profound social effect.Adapted from A Turn of the Crank Started the Civil War by Robert O. Woods, ASME Fellow , for Mechanical Engineering, September 2009.Only after comparing the economy of the American South before and after the introduction of the gin can we appreciate its historic impact.

Master the Federal Job Race

Master the Federal Job RaceMaster the Federal Job RaceMaster the Federal Job RaceWin a Federal Job Master the RaceRachel Alexandra wins the race at Preakness 2009. We can help YOUMaster the Federal Job RaceBaltimore had Preakness fever yesterday. Rachel Alexandra, the only fillie in the race, was the winner. Just thinking about getting ready for a race, makes me think of the race and the preparation that you are facing to land a winning federal job. I know the analogy seems like a stretch, but its not. To find and land a federal job, takes practice, determination and maybe a trainer just like Rachel Alexandra had.Our training formula Ten Steps to a Federal Job could be the formula you could follow to land your federal job. Check out the Ten Steps in the next column. Our book of the same name has mora on each of the ten steps.by Kathryn Troutman, President and CEO, The Resume Place, Inc., www.resume-place.com

Why Everyone Should Begin Careers in Sales

Why Everyone Should Begin Careers in SalesWhy Everyone Should Begin Careers in SalesSales careers are elend for everyone. Thats pretty clear. Just consider how many people are in schlussverkauf positions only because they couldnt find a job doing what they really want to do. Or think about how many people youve met who said that theyve tried sales and it wasnt for them. The facts are that sales careers are bedrngnis only not for everyone but also not everyone is right for a career in sales. But starting off your career in a sales position, despite you believing or even knowing that you have no interest in staying in sales, can be the best thing for your career, long term. Heres why. The Front Line Sales reps are often referred to as the soldiers of a company. Thats because, in most cases, only sales professionals meet face to face on a continuous basis with a companys most important assets Their customers. Being as close to a companys customers gives those in sales a unique viewp oint and an advantage over everyone in the company. They get to hear, direct from customers mouths, what is good and what needs improvement in their companies. This information can make the rep a more informed, connected and valuable employee should they move up in the company and into a position outside of sales. Think about where you want your career to bring you and ask yourself if having some customer face to face experience will be an advantage for you. Understanding Finances While not all sales reps have finance degrees, most get a pretty good on the job education on a companys finances. Sales reps learn, by understanding their cost of goods sold and driving gross profit, how important it is that a company controls expenses and drives profitable revenues. Sales reps get a crash course in the unique finances of the company they work for and often advance into finance positions in larger businesses. Dealing With People Sales professionals work with all schriftarts of peo ple. They can meet with a strong type A person during their morning appointment then follow that meeting up with a sit down with an introvert before lunch. To be successful in sales, a sales rep needs to both build rapport and be influential with all types of people. This skill will serve them well as they advance their career, despite the possibility that they never move into a management position. Just having the skills to be comfortable speaking with all types of people is a huge advantage. And if you couple that with the gift of being influential, you can see how far they can go in their professional life. Taking Rejection As you know, sales careers are not for everyone. One facet of a career in sales that proves to be too much for some is all the rejection that sales reps need to face. Sales professionals are rejected by customers, prospects, competitors, and vendors all the time. In other words, sales is not a career for someone who cant handle rejection. But if you can pu t in a few years in a sales position, and learn how to properly handle being rejected (over and over and over again) you will be in a stronger position no matter where your career path leads you. Just think of the confidence boost youll have when being rejected doesnt stop you in your tracks but only motivates you to push harder

Video How to Avoid Work-At-Home Job Scams

Video How to Avoid Work-At-Home Job ScamsVideo How to Avoid Work-At-Home Job ScamsWeve said it before and well say it many, many times again the work-at-home job market is riddled with scams. mission is to weed out work-at-home job scams and provide our job seekers with only legitimate telecommuting, freelance, flexible schedule, and part-time job listings. And with 56 out of every 57 work-at-home job listings being scams, weve got our work cut out for usBecause we have a diligent team of professional, trained job researchers who spend a combined 50+ hours every day scouring the Internet for legitimate job postings, we understand what to look for when trying to avoid work-at-home scams. Today, wed like to share this knowledge with you in video form.Here is a quick, two-minute video on how to avoid work-at-home job scams. We wish you happy, and safe, job searching

Top 3d Artist Resume Choices

Top 3d Artist Resume Choices The Basic Facts of 3d Artist Resume Most employers seeking akrobats, whether looking for background, concept, circus, character, ceramic, dance, digital or even makeup bewegungsknstlers will take a look at the ability and caliber of the job in their portfolio in place of experience since most employers are looking for some style that could possibly be difficult to find. If you should compose a Makeup Artistresume, youve come to the proper location. This artist resume schablone features a colored strip on top and bottom while the remainder of the layout is extremely clean and minimal so potential employers can pay attention to your abilities and experience. A makeup artist is somebody who applies makeup to the body to be able to alter or improve the look of the subject. 3d Artist Resume - Overview How your prior work relates to your existing work. Listed here are the info you should have in your artist statement. Beth was an extremely accomplishe d artist but she just was not taking enough credit within her old resume. The competition is fierce for top spots within this area, but the next makeup artist resume sample may give you a notion of the qualifications and experience you will need to get your fantasy job. A cover letter is a significant part of the on-paper first impression youll give a prospective employer. An artist statement is vital to every artist. Although a resume wont be absolutely the most important document potential hiring managers will appear at for an artist (a portfolio is), to the best extent possible, its still true that you have to produce examples of why youre an artist people should watch out for. Get the Scoop on 3d Artist Resume Before Youre Too Late Its better to mention the achievements chronologically so the reader may have a serial view of your accomplishments. The expectations vary so that its worth to create the education part of your 3D artist resume to the point. Some 3D artists also work as consultants in front of a movie or show is developed to assist with the creative part of design. A comprehensive 3D artists resume should consist of previous work experience in all parts of design. See if our custom resume builder can help you earn something you can be certain in. The template includes a personalized icon pack so that you may highlight distinctive sections of the resume or portions of the timeline. Also remember, these templates are designed exclusively to suit the requirements of the job youve got in mind. Browse our assortment of stunning visual resume templates on Envato Elements should you also intend on downloading other design elements on a standard basis. You may want to protect against careers that are getting outdated. You dont have to visualise your fantasy job. You will discover valuable tips which could aid you with your work search, or you may hear about a potential job prospect throughout your connections. A huge issue with layouts t hat out-of-the-box is they overlook the employers needs. 3D artists need great artistic abilities and have to be fluent in the hottest creative software and hardware (like light boards). Conversely, you may also stick out by becoming an authority in the usage of a specific software application. Other people prefer to make their designs by hand and import them into software applications. You ought to have an extensive understanding of the suitable technology and software that isused professionally. Implementing a Virtual Assistant is the current trend in the business. If you are searching for Cv Template Artist youve come to the proper location. The site is your advertising brochure on the web. Most employers wont be judging your cv as your principal work examples ought to be included in a seperate portfolio. Below, you will discover some of the best-selling visual CV resumes that Envato Elements has to offer you. Your summary statement and abilities list should earn a str ong impression. GraphicRiver is another on-line marketplace where you are able to discover visual resume templates. The Unexposed Secret of 3d Artist Resume Make certain you keep this in mind when writing your resume. Work is a massive part of a persons own life, nonetheless its just 1 part of your daily life. The reality is that many entrylevel tasks call for years of some sort of labour knowledge, thus an internship is really an excellent means to find a benefit.

What You Should Do to Find Out About Writing Resume Goals Before Youre Left Behind

What You Should Do to Find Out About Writing Resume Goals Before Youre Left Behind As stated earlier, writing your aim is more achievable than simply telling it to yourself. If you opt to go with a paragraph narrative, then your creative writing skills want to be strong. The writer will create a professional-quality, highly thorough page IT-focused resume. The writer will work with you until you own a technology draft you are pleased with. The Dirty Facts About Writing Resume Goals You might be in exactly the same career field. Your career is the same. You are earning a career change. Because resumes have limited space, your career objective should be concise. Writing an essay that explains what goals you would like to pursue in your upcoming career is a skill you are going to have to demonstrate a lot for a student. Writing objectives isnt the simplest job on the planet, but with our tips you will make a convincing objective statement for resume in virtually no time. When you determine the skills you wish to concentrate on, do a bit of research and see whether they line up with job requirements listed for the lokalitts youre seeking. Key Pieces of Writing Resume Goals If youre arranging a move to some other city, your present address may confuse the hiring manager. Your main aim is to let the geschftliches miteinander know that youre a great match for the job. Despite the fact that a resume objective is a well-known means to commence a winning resume, it is not the only method to introduce yourself to the employer. Try to remember, your target is to catch the hiring managers eye and stick out from the remainder of the paper in that pile. In various ways, an objective replaces a lot of the detail you would set in your professional experience section. Getting your goals in addition to your mind is a very good motivation to take 1 step at one time each day till you get to the top. The action of setting work goals isnt limited to a single co nversation at the beginning of the performance period. Ok, I Think I Understand Writing Resume Goals, Now Tell Me About Writing Resume Goals Employing a logical approach to examples of career targets and objectives gives you the ability to craft your very own personal vision for your future. Composing an appropriate career goals essay can be difficult should you not actually have any ambitions. When penning your resume, it ought to be in a position to bring out clearly your general goal without the necessity of dedicating a unique section within it to explain your objectives. As soon as its essential for your resume to incorporate a very clear career goal, you dont need to convey it through an Objective section. Any plan has to be flexible to be able to retain its usefulness, and professional goals are not any different. Resume objectives can be somewhat controversial. An individual can use all 3 varieties of objectives within a proposal to do particular targets.

How Tailoring Your Resume is Like Ordering Starbucks

How Tailoring Your Resume is Like Ordering StarbucksHow Tailoring Your Resume is Like Ordering StarbucksOur life experiences seem to be customized these days on many levels, for example ordering at Starbucks is super customized from Grande soy no-whip frapps to Venti triple skinny vanilla soy lattes. So why do job seekers think that sending out a one-size-fits-all resume is the best way to land a job? The best written resumes must be customized to align with the job youre applying forHow do you do that? You use the job description as your guide Here is an example of a job description via CareerBuilder.com, once youve gone through it, click on the graphic to find out how you can tailor your resume to fit this specific position

Companies Raising the Minimum Wage

Companies Raising the Minimum WageCompanies Raising the Minimum Wage Whether youre looking to earn more money or to work for a company better aligned with your values and sense of fairness, there are great companies who are raising the tiefpunkt wage of their employees. For some its about the corporate tax cuts and for others, its about guaranteeing a living wage. Whatever the reason may be, its good news for U.S. workers looking to find a job that fits their lives.If you get the sense that you could earn more in a new job , youre probably right. Check out our salary calculator and apply to the open roles at these companies that are raising the nadir wage.Target Minimum Wage Details To provide an elevated experience for guests, Target is raising its tiefpunkt hourly wage to $12 in 2018, part of a previously announced commitment to raising it to $15 by the end of 2020. Where Hiring DeKalb, IL Kyle, TX Philadelphia, PA San Leandro, CA Phoenix, AZ San Francisc o, CA Brooklyn Park, MN Minneapolis, MN & more. What Employees Say Friendly environment, good pay and benefits. - Former CashierBank of America Minimum Wage Details Bank of America announced in May 2019 that it will raise its extremum hourly wage to $20 over a two-year period. The first incremental increase welches to $17, which was made on May 1. The rate will continue to increase until it reaches $20 in 2021. Where Hiring Washington DC Newark, DE San Francisco, CA Melville, NY Carrollton, TX Smyrna, GA Phoenix, AZ Boston, MA Annandale, VA & more. What Employees Say Fantastic benefits and great leadership and atmosphere to work in Great work life balance - Current Assistant Vice PresidentJP Morgan Chase Minimum Wage Details JPMorgan pays a minimum wage of $16.50, with that rising to $18 in major cities. Where Hiring New York, NY Denver, CO San Francisco, CA Plano, TX Chicago, IL Wilmington, DE Tampa, FL & more. What Employees Say JP Morgan is one of the best places to work. They have top-elendch experts in every level of the organization and Jamie Dimon is one of the best CEOs in the industry. - Current EmployeeHuntington National Bank Minimum Wage Details Announced in May 2019, Huntington Bank renewed its commitment to investing in colleagues, including raising the minimum starting hourly wage to $16 in 2019, enhancing health-care plans, and extending family leave. Where Hiring Columbus, OH Chicago, IL Pittsburgh, PA Houston, TX Huntington, WV Grand Rapids, MI & more. What Employees Say The culture has depth and is authentic. Its demonstrated from the top-down. Compensation is killer. - Current VP of Client StrategyFacebook Minimum Wage Details In May 2019, Facebook said it was raising its minimum wage for all U.S. contract workers, reacting to rising costs of living as it faces intense scrutiny over the treatment of ordinary employees and their pay. The company raised its minimum wage to $20 per hour in the San Francisco Bay Area, Ne w York and Washington D.C. and to $18 per hour in Seattle. Focusing on content moderation, it will pay at least $22 per hour for content reviewers in the Bay Area, New York City and Washington, D.C., $20 per hour to those living in Seattle and $18 per hour in all other metro areas in the United States. Where Hiring Menlo Park, CA Seattle, WA Austin, TX Denver, CO Chicago, IL Los Angeles, CA Washington DC New York NY Forest City, NC & more. What Employees Say Fast paced environment that instills ruthless prioritization into your veins. Interesting projects/challenges that youll probably encounter across many teams. Perks + benefits are hard to beat - they really do try their best at making you not worry about anything else. - Current AnalystWells Fargo Minimum Wage Details Wells Fargo has raised the minimum hourly wage for U.S.-based team members to $15 an hour in March 2018. Base pay has increased by 32 percent since 2013. Where Hiring San Francisco, CA Charlotte, NC Phoeni x, AZ Minneapolis, MN Salt Lake City, UT Union City, GA West Palm Beach, FL Raleigh, NC & more. What Employees Say The culture here is phenomenal. The message is all about how the people make the difference and the company is very focused on developing employees. The routines set in place to reinforce the behaviors are phenomenal. Resources available to leaders for improving coaching style are endless They have even taken external leadership theories and incorporated those into the resources and training available. Highly engaged and talented people work here, making it a great place to network and grow. - Current Branch ManagerAmazon Minimum Wage Details In 2018, Amazon raised its minimum wage to $15 for all full-time, part-time, temporary (including those hired by agencies), and seasonal employees across the U.S. More than 250,000 Amazon employees, as well as more than 100,000 seasonal holiday employees, and their families benefit from the new, higher pay. Where Hiring Col orado Springs, CO Houston, TX Obetz, OH Carlisle, PA Tempe, AZ Ashburn, VA Seattle, WA San Francisco, CA & more. What Employees Say Compensation is well beyond my expectations, and more than suitable. Exciting projects all across the company that keep you interested and focused. Amazon is changing the world. - Current EmployeeCostco Minimum Wage Details Costco has raised the minimum starting wage for store workers in the U.S. and Canada from $14.50 to $15.50 an hour, effective as of March 2019. The retailer said it will also increase pay for supervisors and begin offering paid parental leave for hourly employees. Where Hiring Issaquah, WA Port Chester, NY Oklahoma City, OK Hayward, CA Dallas, TX Redmond, WA Staten Island, NY Colorado Springs, CO Oklahoma City, OK & more. What Employees SayCharter Communications/Spectrum Minimum Wage Details Charter is increasing our investment in our workforce by ensuring all employees are paid a minimum wage of at least $15 per hour, inc luding target commissions, within the next year. A $15 per hour minimum wage for these valued workers builds on our commitment to hire over 20,000 employees by 2020 and will enable us to better attract, train and retain the highly skilled, diverse workforce we want and need to solve our customers problems or install cable broadband service in their homes. Where Hiring Stamford, CT Kansas City, MO Charlotte, NC San Antonio, TX Greenwood Village, Arapahoe, CO New York, NY Bradenton, FL Milwaukee, WI & more. What Employees Say Very affordable high-quality health insurance benefits even for PT employees. Great for working parents who split up child care and need coverage. The key to succeeding at Costco is to work hard, have a good attitude and be nice to people. Its hard work and fast-paced, you have to be down for that to succeed. - Current EmployeeBen & Jerrys Minimum Wage Details Every year, we recalculate the livable wage to make sure its keeping up with the actual cost of living in Vermont. In recent years, Ben & Jerrys livable wage has been nearly twice the national minimum wage, landing at $16.92 in 2015. Where Hiring South Burlington, VT Provo, UT Alexandria, VA Nashville, TN Portland, OR Kennebunkport, ME & more. What Employees Say Fun job, easy training, meeting cool people - Current Employee

Were so obsessed with our phones, we emotionally connect to them

Were so obsessed with our phones, we emotionally connect to themWere so obsessed with our phones, we emotionally connect to themHeres a chilling thought We are so physically and mentally connected to our phones that sometimes we think theyve gone off, even when nothings actually happened.A 2017 study published in Computers in Human Behavior 70 found evidence thatphantom cell phone experiences are related to psychological dependency on cell phone communications.The study is based on 766 undergraduate college students who attend a large public university in the Midwestern USA. Its easy to see how it applies to all of us, however.Its not your phone, its actually youPhantom vibrations from your phone are evidence of how it controls you with intermittent rewards.Getting a text feels good. Theres nothing like seeing your phone light up, knowing that someone could potentially be reaching out to check in on you, making plans for this weekend (or maybe even tonight).Turns out, theres a reason why.The American Marketing Association referenced a study by media-buying firm RadiumOne, which said that using social media triggers the release of dopaminebig time. In other words, we get happy.The study reportedly said thatevery time we post, share, like, comment or send an invitation online, we are creating an expectation, and that we feel a sense of belonging and advance our concept of self through sharing.Heres the bad news that intermittent hit of expectation from some digital interactions is how addictions are formed.In an article on The Conversation,Daniel J. Kruger, a co-author on the 2017 study,pointed out that although excessive use of cellphones or other technology was not actually included in themost recent versionof the DSM-5, the American Psychiatric Associations text on classifying and identifying mental disorders, the underlying trend is certainly similar to an addiction.One of the features of addictions is that people become hypersensitive to cues related to the rewards they are craving. Whatever it is, they start to see it everywhere. (I had a college roommate who once thought that he saw a bees nest made out of cigarette butts hanging from the ceiling), Kruger wrote.Our phones are neverthat far awayThe sky is the limit for this kind of addiction. Were able to do just about anything on our phones behauptung days,so why wouldnt we use them all the time?A 2015 Pew Research Center report said that 62% of smartphone owners have used their phone in the last yearto learn moraabout a health condition, 57% for online banking, 44% for real estate listings or other information about a place to live, 30% to take a class or get educational content, and 18% to submit a job application, among other things, according to a Pew survey of American trends.No wonder around 44% of people with smartphones have had problems getting something done because their phone was elsewhere, according to the 2015 report, based on a survey of American trends.The two-phone w ork trendIts also not uncommon for us to need two phones one for work, and one for personal use, as a security measure. Mixing personal and business communications on the same phone can become a problem since your workplace can demand their property back - which includes all the work-related communications youve ever made.Even one phone will make professionals hyperconnected to their jobs.A 2015 white paper by the Center for Creative Leadership said that a 2012 survey of 483executives, managers and professionalsfound that 60%of those who use smartphones for work are connected to work 13.5 or more hours a day, five days a week, and spend about five hours on weekends scanning e-mails, for a total of about 72 hours a week connected to work.Thats a lot of power for a little phone. Perhaps set some time aside to disconnect and regain control over your life.